Tremor & Dystonia

Tremor and dystonia management spans medication, botulinum toxin and neurosurgery with major recent advances. The session covers essential tremor pharmacotherapy (propranolol, primidone, topiramate, gabapentin), focused ultrasound thalamotomy (ExAblate Neuro), deep brain stimulation for tremor (Vim) and dystonia (GPi), dystonia botulinum toxin protocols (cervical, focal, hemifacial spasm), tardive dyskinesia treatment with VMAT2 inhibitors (valbenazine, deutetrabenazine), Wilson's disease management, and emerging therapies. Discussion addresses Holmes tremor, drug-induced tremor differentiation, focused ultrasound for bilateral indications and pallidotomy, neuromodulation programming for tremor, the role of physiotherapy in tremor management, and pediatric movement disorders.