Neuroinfectious Disease

CNS infections require rapid diagnosis and treatment with growing capacity for molecular diagnostics. The session covers viral encephalitis (HSV-1/2, autoimmune encephalitis differential), bacterial meningitis empiric and pathogen-directed treatment, fungal CNS infections (Cryptococcus, Candida, Aspergillus, mucormycosis), tuberculous meningitis management and steroids, neurosyphilis resurgence and the new diagnostic algorithms, and the impact of mpox and other emerging viruses on the CNS. Discussion addresses CSF metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for unknown encephalitis, post-pandemic Toxoplasma reactivation in immunosuppressed, JC virus and PML, COVID-19 neurological complications, and the international comparison of CNS infection epidemiology.